If the pulp is exposed after a tooth injury, direct treatment with calcium hydroxide or MTA is used. The use of exosomes strengthens the local pulp response and increases its chances to maintain valuable vitality and prevent root canal treatment, which significantly weakens the tooth structure and, consequently, may result in a prosthetic treatment.

In case of a permanent tooth injury in a child with incomplete root development, in order to obtain apexification (root tip closure), the product containing exosomes may support the existing therapies or replace them thoroughly. The use of exosomes has beneficial effects in difficult to heal periapical lesions of the tooth, in treatments of root apex resection and when retrograde treatment is necessary, again with the use of a carrier as a product closing the resected apices.